Egypt is home to 93 species of mammals of which six are endemic. In addition, 13 species of the Cetacea (whales and dolphins) and one Sirenian (Dugong) have been recorded from Egyptian waters of the Red Sea.

            Among small mammals, the Rodentia form the largest group with 32 species and range in size from the tiny Pygmy Gerbil to the Crested Porcupine, which can grow to one meter. There are 20 species of the Carnivora, among which are four species of foxes, including the tiny Fennec. The Mustelidae include the only urban populations in the world of the widespread Weasel.   

About 20 species of Egyptian mammals are endangered. Of these the Cheetah is now found only in the Qattara Depression, the Barbary Sheep is restricted to Gebel Uweinat and Gebel Elba and the population of Slender-horned Gazelles is seriously reduced. A number of small mammals that are found along the Mediterranean coast are under threat from development.

5 of 16 Fennec Fox, Vulpes zerda

The huge ears of this nocturnal carnivore may aid heat dissipation as well as assisting the acute hearing. The palms and soles are covered by long soft hair, enabling them to move easily on soft sand. Food consists largely of insects, lizards and rodents; it may be one of the few desert carnivores that are entirely independent of water.